ترجمة وتحليل الكلمات عن طريق الذكاء الاصطناعي ChatGPT
في هذه الصفحة يمكنك الحصول على تحليل مفصل لكلمة أو عبارة باستخدام أفضل تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي المتوفرة اليوم:
- كيف يتم استخدام الكلمة في اللغة
- تردد الكلمة
- ما إذا كانت الكلمة تستخدم في كثير من الأحيان في اللغة المنطوقة أو المكتوبة
- خيارات الترجمة إلى الروسية أو الإسبانية، على التوالي
- أمثلة على استخدام الكلمة (عدة عبارات مع الترجمة)
- أصل الكلمة
founder$29732$ - ترجمة إلى الهولندية
.jpg?width=200 "Jinnah addresses the Muslim League session at Patna, 1938")
![Special services and prayers were held in the Kwitang mosque of [[Jakarta]] ([[Indonesia]]) after the death of Jinnah.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Bidstond in de Kwitang moskee te Jakarta naar aanleiding van het overlijden van Mohammed Ali Jinnah de eerste gouverneur van Pakistan (14 september 1948) TMnr 10001269.jpg?width=200 "Special services and prayers were held in the Kwitang mosque of [[Jakarta]] ([[Indonesia]]) after the death of Jinnah.")
.jpg?width=200 "Jinnah makes a speech in New Delhi, 1943")
![Jinnah announcing the creation of Pakistan over [[All India Radio]] on 3 June 1947](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jinnah announces the creation of Pakistan over All India Radio.jpg?width=200 "Jinnah announcing the creation of Pakistan over [[All India Radio]] on 3 June 1947")
![[[Blue Plaque]] in London dedicated to Jinnah](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jinnah blue plaque.JPG?width=200 "[[Blue Plaque]] in London dedicated to Jinnah")
![Jinnah speaking at the [[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] on 14 August 1947](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jinnah speaking on 14 August 1947.jpg?width=200 "Jinnah speaking at the [[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] on 14 August 1947")
![[[Lincoln's Inn]], seen in 2006](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lincolns Inn 1.jpg?width=200 "[[Lincoln's Inn]], seen in 2006")
![Edwina Mountbatten]] with Jinnah in 1947](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mountbatten Jinnah.jpg?width=200 "Edwina Mountbatten]] with Jinnah in 1947")
![Jinnah and his sister Fatima. Wax statues at the museum in the [[Pakistan Monument]], Islamabad](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Muhammad Ali Jinnah with sister Fatima Jinnah.JPG?width=200 "Jinnah and his sister Fatima. Wax statues at the museum in the [[Pakistan Monument]], Islamabad")
.jpg?width=200 "Jinnah (front, left) with the Working Committee of the Muslim League after a meeting in Lucknow, October 1937")
.jpg?width=200 "The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940. Jinnah is seated at centre.")
![Jinnah with [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in Bombay, 1944](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photograph of Jinnah with Gandhi in 1944 (Photo 429-17).jpg?width=200 "Jinnah with [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in Bombay, 1944")
![Jinnah spent many of the last days of his life at [[Quaid-e-Azam Residency]], [[Ziarat]], Pakistan.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Quaid e Azam Residency, Ziarat,Pakistan.jpg?width=200 "Jinnah spent many of the last days of his life at [[Quaid-e-Azam Residency]], [[Ziarat]], Pakistan.")
![Tomb of Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] in Karachi](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tomb Jinnah.jpg?width=200 "Tomb of Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] in Karachi")
![Statue of Jinnah at [[York University]] in Toronto](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yorkstatue.jpg?width=200 "Statue of Jinnah at [[York University]] in Toronto")
, by John Trumbull.jpg?width=200)
![second U.S. president]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Abigail Adams.jpg?width=200 "second U.S. president]].")
![[[Alexander Hamilton]]}}Served as Washington's senior ''[[aide-de-camp]]'' during most of the Revolutionary War; wrote 51 of the 85 articles comprising the ''[[Federalist Papers]]''; and created much of the administrative framework of the government.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alexander Hamilton portrait by John Trumbull 1806.jpg?width=200 "[[Alexander Hamilton]]}}Served as Washington's senior ''[[aide-de-camp]]'' during most of the Revolutionary War; wrote 51 of the 85 articles comprising the ''[[Federalist Papers]]''; and created much of the administrative framework of the government.")
![[[Richard Henry Lee]]}}Introduced the [[Lee Resolution]] in the Second Continental Congress calling for the colonies' independence from Great Britain](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles Willson Peale - Richard Henry Lee - NPG.74.5 - National Portrait Gallery.jpg?width=200 "[[Richard Henry Lee]]}}Introduced the [[Lee Resolution]] in the Second Continental Congress calling for the colonies' independence from Great Britain")
![''First Continental Congress at Prayer'', an 1848 portrait by [[T. H. Matteson]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/First continental Congress at Prayer.jpg?width=200 "''First Continental Congress at Prayer'', an 1848 portrait by [[T. H. Matteson]]")
![Independence Day]] and the founding of the [[United States]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fourth of July fireworks behind the Washington Monument, 1986.jpg?width=200 "Independence Day]] and the founding of the [[United States]].")
![[[George Mason]], author of the 1776 [[Virginia Declaration of Rights]] and co-father of the [[United States Bill of Rights]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George Mason.jpg?width=200 "[[George Mason]], author of the 1776 [[Virginia Declaration of Rights]] and co-father of the [[United States Bill of Rights]]")
![George Washington and William Lee]]'', a 1780 portrait by [[John Trumbull]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George Washington by John Trumbull (1780).jpg?width=200 "George Washington and William Lee]]'', a 1780 portrait by [[John Trumbull]]")
![Allen, 2002]], p. 75</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gilbert Stuart, James Madison, c. 1821, NGA 56914.jpg?width=200 "Allen, 2002]], p. 75</ref>")
![Treaty of Paris]] with Adams and Franklin; wrote ''[[The Federalist Papers]]'' with Hamilton and Madison.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gilbert Stuart, John Jay, 1794, NGA 75023.jpg?width=200 "Treaty of Paris]] with Adams and Franklin; wrote ''[[The Federalist Papers]]'' with Hamilton and Madison.")
![Jilson, 1994]], p. 291; <small>Portrait by [[Gilbert Stuart]]</small></ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg?width=200 "Jilson, 1994]], p. 291; <small>Portrait by [[Gilbert Stuart]]</small></ref>")
![Jilson & Wilson, 1994]], p. 50</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henry laurens.jpg?width=200 "Jilson & Wilson, 1994]], p. 50</ref>")
![Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms]], and the first draft of the Articles of Confederation.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John Dickinson portrait.jpg?width=200 "Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms]], and the first draft of the Articles of Confederation.")
![[[John Hancock]]}}President of the Continental Congress; renowned for his large signature on the United States Declaration of Independence](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John Hancock 1770-crop.jpg?width=200 "[[John Hancock]]}}President of the Continental Congress; renowned for his large signature on the United States Declaration of Independence")
![[[Joseph Warren]]}}Physician who died during the Battle of Bunker Hill](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JosephWarrenByCopley.jpeg?width=200 "[[Joseph Warren]]}}Physician who died during the Battle of Bunker Hill")
![US]] [[ethos]] and exemplifying the emerging nation's ideals.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joseph Siffrein Duplessis - Benjamin Franklin - Google Art Project.jpg?width=200 "US]] [[ethos]] and exemplifying the emerging nation's ideals.")
![[[Elbridge Gerry]]}}Member Second Continental Congress; Signed the Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation; Fifth vice President under James Madison](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nathaniel Jocelyn - Elbridge Gerry (1744-1814) - 1943.1816 - Harvard Art Museums.jpg?width=200 "[[Elbridge Gerry]]}}Member Second Continental Congress; Signed the Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation; Fifth vice President under James Madison")
![[[Peyton Randolph]]}}President of the Continental Congress, presided over creation of the [[Continental Association]]<ref name=randolph/>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PeytonRandolph.jpeg?width=200 "[[Peyton Randolph]]}}President of the Continental Congress, presided over creation of the [[Continental Association]]<ref name=randolph/>")
![Declaration of Independence]]; administered oath of office to Washington](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert R Livingston, attributed to Gilbert Stuart (1755-1828).jpg?width=200 "Declaration of Independence]]; administered oath of office to Washington")
![Robert Morris]]}}President of Pennsylvania's Committee of Safety, "Financier of the Revolution"; one of the founders of the financial system of the United States.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert morris portrait.jpg?width=200 "Robert Morris]]}}President of Pennsylvania's Committee of Safety, \"Financier of the Revolution\"; one of the founders of the financial system of the United States.")
![Bradford, 1994]], pp. 21–25</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roger Sherman 1721-1793 by Ralph Earl.jpeg?width=200 "Bradford, 1994]], pp. 21–25</ref>")
![[[Samuel Adams]]}} Member of the First and Second Continental Congress; Signed the Continental Association, Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Samuel Adams by John Singleton Copley.jpg?width=200 "[[Samuel Adams]]}} Member of the First and Second Continental Congress; Signed the Continental Association, Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution")
![Constitutional Convention]] in [[Philadelphia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States.jpg?width=200 "Constitutional Convention]] in [[Philadelphia]]")
![[[Thomas Mifflin]]}}Member First and Second Continental Congress; Signed the [[Continental Association]] and U.S. Constitution](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thomas Mifflin.jpg?width=200 "[[Thomas Mifflin]]}}Member First and Second Continental Congress; Signed the [[Continental Association]] and U.S. Constitution")
![Transcript of Treaty]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Treaty of Paris 1783 - last page (hi-res).jpg?width=200 "Transcript of Treaty]]")
![''Washington's Crossing the Delaware'']], by [[Emanuel Leutze]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Washington Crossing the Delaware by Emanuel Leutze, MMA-NYC, 1851.jpg?width=200 "''Washington's Crossing the Delaware'']], by [[Emanuel Leutze]]")
تعريف
ويكيبيديا
In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. It was first fully outlined by Ernst Mayr in 1942, using existing theoretical work by those such as Sewall Wright. As a result of the loss of genetic variation, the new population may be distinctively different, both genotypically and phenotypically, from the parent population from which it is derived. In extreme cases, the founder effect is thought to lead to the speciation and subsequent evolution of new species.
In the figure shown, the original population has nearly equal numbers of blue and red individuals. The three smaller founder populations show that one or the other color may predominate (founder effect), due to random sampling of the original population. A population bottleneck may also cause a founder effect, though it is not strictly a new population.
The founder effect occurs when a small group of migrants—not genetically representative of the population from which they came—establish in a new area. In addition to founder effects, the new population is often very small, so it shows increased sensitivity to genetic drift, an increase in inbreeding, and relatively low genetic variation.
